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Research on the effects of ginseng in honey on our immune system
Ginseng (Panax ginseng)
Plant of the Chinese emperors
Ginseng is considered one of the most important medicinal plants in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. It is first mentioned in a book from the 1st century BC, in which the orally transmitted knowledge of Emperor Shen Nung (about 2700 BC) was recorded. Since the root has the shape of a human being, it was seen as a panacea and a symbol of long life. It was more valuable than gold and could only be taken by the emperor. [1]
In China Japan and Korea, ginseng was used for impotence[2] [3], anorexia, insomnia, diabetes, hypodynamia, palpitations, hemorrhage, and respiratory distress.[4] [5] In Donguibogam,[6] are 653 recipes, with ginseng as an ingredient.[7]
Tonic for exhaustion and weakness.
Ginseng root is recognized by the EU as a Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product, and has been used for centuries as a tonic for convalescence, fatigue, exhaustion, and weakness.[8]
Studies show the broad effects of ginseng on the body and mind in:
Stroke - Ginseng is able to reduce anatomical and functional damage resulting from stroke, prevents the disruption of the blood-brain barrier and thus the formation of edema in the brain. [9]
Heart attack - Ginseng reduces infarct size, suppresses myocardial death, improves cardiac output[10] [11] ,aortic flow and coronary flow [12]. Cardiovascular system - Ginseng regulates blood pressure [13], die blood vessel function[14] and protects blood vessels from damage[15]. Studies showed that ginseng has a positive effect on anxiety [16] mental fatigue,[17] potency disorders, [18] immune system [19] [20] [21] cancer,[22] [23] memory, [24] attention span, sense of direction, language, cognitive [25] and motor skills in people with Alzheimer's dementia. People who suffered from mood swings or depression could also benefit from ginseng. [26]
Coping better with stress thanks to ginseng
Ginseng is one of the so-called adaptogens, which are plants that help people cope better with stress [27] and restore natural balance. Ginseng has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects [28] [29] [30]
The duration of use should not exceed 3 months due to the lack of long-term studies. Due to its strong stimulating effect, it is recommended to take CBD FULL Ginseng with honey at noon at the latest.
Ginseng is rarely associated with adverse events. Documented drug interactions are mild and transient. Possible interactions between P. ginseng warfarin, phenelzine, and alcohol have been reported. [31]
[1] Nair R, Sellaturay S, Sriprasad S. The history of ginseng in the management of erectile dysfunction in ancient China (3500-2600 BCE). Indian J Urol. 2012;28(1):15-20. doi:10.4103/0970-1591.94946
PMC
[2] Jang DJ, Lee MS, Shin BC, Lee YC, Ernst E. Red ginseng for treating erectile dysfunction: a systematic review. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;66(4):444-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03236.x. Epub 2008 Jun 9. PMID: 18754850; PMCID: PMC2561113.
pubmed
[3] Nair R, Sellaturay S, Sriprasad S. The history of ginseng in the management of erectile dysfunction in ancient China (3500-2600 BCE). Indian J Urol. 2012;28(1):15-20. doi:10.4103/0970-1591.94946
PMC
[4] Kim, J.K., Tabassum, N., Uddin, M.R. et al. Ginseng: a miracle sources of herbal and pharmacological uses. Orient Pharm Exp Med 16, 243–250 (2016).
springer
[5] Xiang YZ, Shang HC, Gao XM, Zhang BL. A comparison of the ancient use of ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine with modern pharmacological experiments and clinical trials. Phytother Res. 2008 Jul;22(7):851-8. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2384. PMID: 18567057.
pubmed
[6] Das Donguibogam (koreanisch: 동의보감, chinesisch 東醫寶鑑) ist ein 23-bändiges Werk aus dem Jahre 1613 über den damaligen Stand der koreanischen Medizin während der Zeit der Joseon-Dynastie (조선왕조) (1392–1910)
Wikipedia
[7] Park HJ, Kim DH, Park SJ, Kim JM, Ryu JH. Ginseng in traditional herbal prescriptions. J Ginseng Res. 2012;36(3):225-241. doi:10.5142/jgr.2012.36.3.225
PMC
[8] Traditionelles Pflanzliches Arzneimittel
arzneipflanzenlexikon
[9] Rastogi, V., Santiago-Moreno, J., & Doré, S. (2015). Ginseng: a promising neuroprotective strategy in stroke. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 8, 457.
[frontiers]
[10] Luo P., Dong G., Liu L., Zhou H. The long-term consumption of ginseng extract reduces the susceptibility of intermediate-aged hearts to acute ischemia reperfusion injury. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0144733.
[PMC free article]
[11] Wu Y., Lu X., Xiang F.L., Lui E.M., Feng Q. North American ginseng protects the heart from ischemia and reperfusion injury via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Pharmacol. Res. 2011;64:195–202.
[PubMed]
[12] Lim K.H., Kang C.W., Choi J.Y., Kim J.H. Korean red ginseng induced cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia in Guinea pig. Korean J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2013;17:283–289.
[PMC free article]
[13] Kim Y.M., Namkoong S., Yun Y.G., Hong H.D., Lee Y.C., Ha K.S., Lee H., Kwon H.J., Kwon Y.G., Kim Y.M. Water extract of Korean red ginseng stimulates angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt-dependent ERK1/2 and eNOS pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2007;30:1674–1679.
[PubMed]
[14] Yu J., Eto M., Akishita M., Kaneko A., Ouchi Y., Okabe T. Signaling pathway of nitric oxide production induced by ginsenoside Rb1 in human aortic endothelial cells: a possible involvement of androgen receptor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2007;353:764–769.
[PubMed]
[15] Zhou W., Chai H., Lin P.H., Lumsden A.B., Yao Q., Chen C. Ginsenoside Rb1 blocks homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine coronary arteries. J. Vasc. Surg. 2005;41:861–868.
[PubMed]
[16] Zhao Z., Kim Y.W., Wu Y., Zhang J., Lee J.H., Li X., Cho I.J., Park S.M., Jung D.H., Yang C.H., Kim S.C., Zhao R. Korean Red Ginseng attenuates anxiety-like behavior during ethanol withdrawal in rats. J. Ginseng Res. 2014;38:256–263.
[PMC free article]
[17] Reay JL, Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Single doses of Panax ginseng (G115) reduce blood glucose levels and improve cognitive performance during sustained mental activity. J Psychopharmacol. 2005;19(4):357-365. doi:10.1177/0269881105053286
[PubMed]
[18] Jang, D.-J., Lee, M.S., Shin, B.-C., Lee, Y.-C. and Ernst, E. (2008), Red ginseng for treating erectile dysfunction: a systematic review. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 66: 444-450.
BJCP
[19] Miller S.C., Ti L., Shan J. Dietary supplementation with an extract of North American ginseng in adult and juvenile mice increases natural killer cells. Immunol. Invest. 2012;41:157–170.
[PubMed]
[20] Wang M., Guilbert L.J., Ling L., Li J., Wu Y., Xu S., Pang P., Shan J.J. Immunomodulating activity of CVT-E002, a proprietary extract from North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2001;53:1515–1523.
[PubMed]
[21] Liou C.J., Huang W.C., Tseng J. Short-term oral administration of ginseng extract induces type-1 cytokine production. Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 2006;28:227–240.
[PubMed]
[22] Wang Y, Hao Y, Lou J, Ma H, Qiu Q. Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 and Rh1 on the anti-tumor activity of dendritic cell. Chin J Pathophysiol 2004; 20: 1759–1764
europepmc
[23] Sun Mi Kim, So Yong Lee, Jin Suk Cho, Seung Mo Son, Sang Sook Choi, Yeo Pyo Yun, Hwan Soo Yoo, Do Young Yoon, Ki-Wan Oh, Sang Bae Han, Jin Tae Hong, Combination of ginsenoside Rg3 with docetaxel enhances the susceptibility of prostate cancer cells via inhibition of NF-?B, European Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 631, Issues 1–3,
sciencedirect
[24] Shin K., Guo H., Cha Y., Ban Y.H., Seo da W., Choi Y., Kim T.S., Lee S.P., Kim J.C., Choi E.K., Yon J.M., Kim Y.B. Cereboost™, an American ginseng extract, improves cognitive function via up-regulation of choline acetyltransferase expression and neuroprotection. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2016;78:53–58.
[PubMed]
[25] Kennedy DO, Scholey AB, Wesnes KA. Modulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and a ginkgo/ginseng combination to healthy young adults. Physiol Behav. 2002;75(5):739-751.
[PubMed]
[26] Mancuso C, Santangelo R. Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius: From pharmacology to toxicology. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;107(Pt A):362-372.
[PMC]
[27] Rasheed N., Tyagi E., Ahmad A., Siripurapu K.B., Lahiri S., Shukla R., Palit G. Involvement of monoamines and proinflammatory cytokines in mediating the anti-stress effects of Panax quinquefolium. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008;117:257–262.
[PubMed]
[28] Jung H.J., Choi H., Lim H.W., Shin D., Kim H., Kwon B., Lee J.E., Park E.H., Lim C.J. Enhancement of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive actions of red ginseng extract by fermentation. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2012;64:756–762.
[PubMed]
[29] Chen J., Wang Q., Wu H., Liu K., Wu Y., Chang Y., Wei W. The ginsenoside metabolite compound K exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by downregulating memory B cell in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Pharm. Biol. 2016;54:1280–1288.
[PubMed]