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Research on the effects of hemp on our immune system
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
Medicinal Plant of the Year 2018
The endocannabinoid system
is an important part of the central and peripheral nervous system responsible for signal transmission between the brain, spinal cord, vegetative nervous system and organs as well as a regulator of optimal physiological and cognitive processes such as: immune system,[1] vegetative nervous system,[2] social behavior and fear,[3] movement, memory, learning processes,[4] control over the formation, survival or death of neural and non-neural cells,[5] as well as for appetite,[6] pain, inflammation,[7] fat and energy metabolism[8] and much more.
Changes in the endocannabinoid system or cannabinoid deficiency lead to a poorly functioning immune system and a variety of disease states.
Cannabis in the ancient art of healing
The Use of hemp for a wide range of diseases has been documented for more than 4,800 years.
The Chinese used it for anesthesia during surgical procedures, for malaria, rheumatism, constipation, disorders of the female reproductive system and as a laxative.[9]
In India, hemp was used as an analgesic (toothache, headache and neuralgia), for cramps (tetanus, rabies, colic, diarrhea and epilepsy), for calming (mania, hysteria and anxiety), and for pain relief in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatism, as an antibiotic , used for asthma, bronchitis and many others.[10] [11] [12]
Egyptians used hemp to heal glaucoma,[13] gynecological diseases, pain,[14] fever, obstetrics,[15] parasites,[16] tumors, wounds, swellings, abscesses fever,[17] eyes, cancer and anorectal diseases.[18]
In the west, hemp as a medicine did not trigger a boom until the 19th century.
Hundreds of scientific articles on the healing powers of hemp have been published.[19] A wide range of diseases have been treated. By 1930, more than 2000 hemp-based drugs had been offered.[20] Numerous medical uses of hemp are described in "Sajous's Analytic Cyclopedia of Practical Medicine (1924)"[21] summarized.
After a global ban at the “Geneva Opium Conference 1925” and a demonization campaign, cannabis has disappeared as a medicine.
The Rediscovery
Under public pressure due to the diseases that conventional medicine is at a loss, scientists in the 1970s scrutinized the therapeutic value of cannabis. Over 100,000 studies and specialist articles on cannabis and cannabinoids have now been published. In Germany, treatment with drugs based on cannabis is permitted for over 60 diseases subject to prescription.[22]
According to studies, cannabinoids could represent a safe, inexpensive therapy for a wide range of disease states due to their natural origin and their low side effect profile and protective function against pathological conditions.
Cannabinoids and Pain
Taking cannabinoids eliminates endocannabinoid deficiency as the main cause of migraines, fibromyalgia[23], irritable bowel syndrome,[24] and other treatment-resistant chronic pain.[25] Cannabinoids affect the caudal vent, a part of the diencephalon that is responsible for the sense of pain, and are 10 times more effective than morphine by reducing the sensation of pain.[26] The endocannabinoid system influences pain control and mediates central stress-induced analgesia (insensitivity to pain).[27] Cannabinoid agonists suppress chronic and neuropathic pain by activating the CB1 and CB2 receptors in the spinal cord.[28] Cannabinoids reduce hyperalgesia (increased sensation of pain stimulus) by inhibiting the calcitonin gene-related peptide.[29] Cannabinoids inhibit glutamate release and reduce neuropathic pain and secondary and tertiary hyperalgesia (increased sensation of pain stimulus) in migraines and fibromyalgia.[30] Cannabinoids stimulate the production of beta-endorphin, an endogenous morphine with analgesic effects,[31] cannabinoids have twenty times the anti-inflammatory effect of aspirin and double the effect of hydrocortisone.[32] Cannabinoid-2 receptor agonist relieves pain and bone loss caused by bone cancer.[33] [34] Cannabinoids reduce hypersensitivity to pain caused by cancer and reduce inflammatory muscle pain.[35]
Cannabinoids and cancer
The most important property of cannabinoids in cancer treatment is the ability to kill tumor cells in a targeted manner.[36] Studies suggest that cannabinoids can be used in lung cancer,[37] Brain tumors,[38] [39] [40] [41] Breast cancer,[42] [43] [44] Pancreatic cancer,[45] [46] [47] Lymphoma, [48] [49] [50] Thyroid cancer, [51] [52] Skin cancer, [53] [54] Uterine carcinoma, [55] prostate carcinoma, [56] [57] [58] Colon cancer,[59] [60] [61] and bone cancer. [62] [63] Cannabinoids have similar or better effectiveness in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting than approved anti-emetic drugs.[64]
Cannabinoids in injuries and chronic neurodegenerative diseases
Cannabinoids are used because of the reduction of classic neurotoxic events, the removal of pathological deposits through improved neurological performance, reduced edema, infarct size, glioses, inflammation, blood-brain barrier disorders, in the treatment of brain injuries,[65] strokes[66] [67] [68] and chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as: Alzheimer,[69] [70] [71] [72] Parkinson's,[73] [74] Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,[75] [76] [77] Multiple sclerosis,[78] very promising.
Cannabinoids for psychosis, depression and anxiety
Cannabinoids reduce: acute stress,[79] [80] Panic attacks and phobic fears,[81] depression,[82] [83] [84] stress-related damage to the hippocampus,[85] psychosis, [86] and schizophrenia.[87] [88]
Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties of cannabinoids
Cannabinoids promote neuroplasticity (ability of the brain to change and adapt to experiences in response), [89] repair and regrowth,[90] [91]
also protect the nerve cells from dying. [92] [93] In this way they form a protection against neurodegenerative diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mood disorders, Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's and schizophrenia. [94]
Cannabinoids and epilepsy
Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy have fewer seizures, [95] degeneration and neuron loss in the hippocampus,[96] especially in Lennox-Gastaut and Dravet syndrome.[97] [98] [99] [100] Patients have few or no seizures and better mood, communication, motor skills, language, behavior, Alertness and sleep[101] [102] Hemp extracts with high levels of CBD and low levels of THC have better anti-epileptic effects than approved drugs such as diphenylhydantoin and mysoline[103].
Cannabinoids inhibit opiate addiction and withdrawal symptoms
Cannabidiol inhibits narcotics addiction, withdrawal symptoms, heroin addiction, [104] [105] [106] Cocaine addiction[107] morphine addiction[108] [109] [110] and tobacco addiction. [111]
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